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Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)01:06

2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)

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Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy, or COSY, is a 2-dimensional NMR technique that provides information about coupled protons. Typically, the geminal and vicinal coupling are observed. For example, consider the COSY spectrum of ethyl acetate, where its 1D proton NMR spectrum is plotted along the vertical and horizontal axes with their corresponding chemical shift scale. Three spots on the diagonal corresponding to the three peaks in the 1D proton spectrum are called diagonal peaks. The COSY...
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2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

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Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
292
2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

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Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
910
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

305
Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
305
Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

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The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse....
873
Spectroscopy of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives01:26

Spectroscopy of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

2.5K
Infrared spectroscopy is primarily used to determine the types of bonds and functional groups. In carboxylic acid derivatives, a typical carbonyl bond absorption is observed around 1650–1850 cm−1. For esters, the absorption is recorded at around 1740 cm−1, while acid halides show the absorption at about 1800 cm−1. Another acid derivative, the acid anhydrides, exhibit two carbonyl absorption around 1760 cm−1 and 1820 cm−1, arising from the symmetrical and...
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Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Dual-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy to Study Protein-Protein Interaction and Protein Dynamics in Live Cells
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Trend of Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy (2D-COS).

Yeonju Park1, Sujin Lee1, Isao Noda2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, and Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.

Applied Spectroscopy
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This summary is machine-generated.

This review tracks two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) research from 2022-2024, highlighting its expanding applications and innovations in materials science and beyond. It covers new methods, theories, and proper usage of 2D-COS techniques.

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) is a powerful technique for analyzing complex spectral data.
  • Research in 2D-COS has seen significant advancements and broadening applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive survey of research dissemination in 2D-COS.
  • To cover the period from July 1, 2022, to June 17, 2024.
  • To identify trends, innovations, and applications in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of books, reviews, and tutorials.
  • Analysis of innovative concepts, theories, and patent applications.
  • Examination of diverse applications and instances of improper usage.

Main Results:

  • Documented growth in 2D-COS research dissemination.
  • Identified innovations in probe integration, data analysis, and methodologies.
  • Highlighted expanding roles in materials science, environmental monitoring, and biological systems.

Conclusions:

  • 2D-COS research is dynamically growing and diversifying.
  • The technique is finding increasing utility across numerous scientific disciplines.
  • Continued innovation is expected to further expand the impact of 2D-COS.