Canine Microencapsulated Probiotic Formulations Modulate Immunity and Improve Acute Diarrhea in Dogs

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Microbiology
• Immunology

Background:

• Probiotic strains derived from the host offer a promising alternative to antibiotics for enhancing animal gastrointestinal health.
• Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TUCO-16 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus TUCO-17 are novel probiotic strains isolated from canine sources.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy and safety of freeze-dried preparations of L. plantarum TUCO-16 and L. rhamnosus TUCO-17.
• To assess the in vitro and in vivo effects of these probiotics on canine gastrointestinal health, immune response, and barrier function.

Main Methods:

• In vitro evaluation using canine and human cell models to assess cytotoxicity, adhesion, immune gene expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and paracellular permeability.
• In vivo trial in dogs with acute diarrhea to evaluate safety and efficacy compared to metronidazole.

Main Results:

• Probiotic strains demonstrated high adhesion (up to 92%), no cytotoxicity, and significant induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
• Stimulated expression of mucins and tight junction proteins, enhanced ROS production in macrophages, and maintained/reduced epithelial permeability.
• In vivo trial confirmed safety and showed improved stool consistency in dogs with acute diarrhea, without altering stool frequency.

Conclusions:

• Host-specific canine probiotics L. plantarum TUCO-16 and L. rhamnosus TUCO-17 are safe and effective.
• These probiotics act as immunomodulatory agents, enhancing intestinal barrier integrity.
• They represent a viable antibiotic-free alternative for managing acute diarrhea in dogs.