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According to obedience research, we may harm others under the forceful pressures of an authority figure (Milgram, 1974). How about if the inappropriate orders were delivered with less force? The increasing interdependence between nurses and physicians compelled Hofling and his colleagues to explore nurses’ reactions to a potentially harmful medical request made by the perceived authority figure, the doctor (Hofling, Brotzman, Dalrymple, Graves, & Pierce, 1966). In this situation,...
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Evaluating Nurse Conscientious Objection: Application of a Novel Framework.

Maya Zumstein-Shaha1,2,3, Lucia D Wocial4, Vicki D Lachman5

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Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Bioethics
  • Nursing Ethics
  • Healthcare Policy

Background:

  • Moral beliefs can lead healthcare professionals to conscientious objections (COs).
  • COs can complicate patient care and healthcare delivery.
  • Evaluating the soundness of COs is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the Ethical Evaluation of a Nurse's Conscientious Objection (EENCO) framework.
  • Apply EENCO to analyze nurse CO scenarios and inform policy.
  • Reduce harms associated with nurse COs.

Main Methods:

  • Applied the EENCO framework to analyze two CO scenarios.
  • Scenario 1: Nurse objection to end-of-life pain medication orders.
  • Scenario 2: Nurse objection to COVID-19 visitation policies.

Main Results:

  • The EENCO framework exposed nuances in CO claims.
  • Analysis revealed ethical implications for all involved parties.
  • Identified necessary elements for institutional policies addressing COs.

Conclusions:

  • The EENCO framework aids in scrutinizing and clarifying CO claims.
  • EENCO provides guidance for developing institutional CO policies.
  • Application of EENCO deepens understanding of CO implications.