Decoding the diet-inflammation nexus: ferroptosis as a therapeutic target

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Nutrition Science
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, is linked to chronic inflammation in diseases.
• Dietary components influence this interplay, affecting disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review how dietary components modulate chronic inflammation by targeting ferroptosis.
• To explore novel mechanisms and therapeutic potential in chronic inflammatory diseases.

Main Methods:

• Literature review synthesizing evidence on dietary components and ferroptosis.
• Analysis of key metabolic pathways involved (iron, lipid, amino acid).

Main Results:

• Dietary components (PUFAs, MUFAs, vitamins, phytochemicals) balance lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense.
• These components target ferroptosis regulators (ACSL4, GPX4, Nrf2) and metabolic pathways.
• Dual roles in regulating inflammatory microenvironments observed.

Conclusions:

• Dietary interventions targeting ferroptosis offer therapeutic potential for diabetes, atherosclerosis, and neurodegeneration.
• A multi-target synergistic strategy for dietary interventions is proposed.
• Future directions include precision nutrition, multi-omics, and biomarker development.