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Motivation and Time: Motivational Congruence Theory's Stance
1Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran Jalal-e-Al-e-Ahmad Hwy & Chamran Hwy, Al-e-Ahmad, Tehran, Iran. rosa.hendijani@ut.ac.ir.
Integrative Psychological & Behavioral Science
|August 10, 2025
Summary
Time
Area of Science:
- Philosophy of Science
- Physics
- Psychology
Background:
- The actuality of time, including its passage and duration, is a long-standing debate in physics and philosophy.
- Classical physics and block universe theories view time as illusory, while process theories posit time's actuality.
- Philosophical views range from time being unreal to an actual, independent reality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore how Motivational Congruence Theory (MCT) addresses the philosophical problem of time.
- To demonstrate how MCT resolves issues of mental causation and free will.
- To establish duration as a measurable reflection of overall motivation within MCT.
Main Methods:
- The study integrates concepts from physics, philosophy, and motivation theory.
- It analyzes existing theories of time, including block universe and process theories.
- Motivational Congruence Theory is extended to incorporate and measure temporal duration.
Main Results:
- Motivational Congruence Theory offers a framework where time is actual and duration reflects overall motivation.
- This approach provides a resolution to the problem of time by linking it to mental causation and free will.
- Duration, as conceptualized in MCT, aligns with recent advancements in physics and philosophy regarding time's nature.
Conclusions:
- Motivational Congruence Theory reconciles the philosophical and physical problem of time.
- The theory posits duration as an objective measure of motivation, supporting the actuality of time.
- This perspective offers new insights into the interplay between time, motivation, mental causation, and free will.
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