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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

73
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
73
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

74
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
74
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

94
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
94
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

50
Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
50
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

44
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
44
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

57
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
57

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

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Traumatic Intraperitoneal Bladder Rupture Presenting With Massive Ascites and Acute Kidney Injury Following a

Tala Nasrini1, Blaine Traylor1, Nathan Chow1

  • 1Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, USA.

Cureus
|August 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A man with acute kidney injury was found to have urinary ascites from a bladder rupture after trauma. Prompt surgical repair prevented the need for dialysis.

Keywords:
abdominal injuriesacute kidney injuryascitesbladder injuriesdiagnostic imagingintraperitoneal ruptureparacentesisurinary bladder

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Blunt abdominal trauma can cause severe intra-abdominal injuries.
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) can be a sign of serious underlying pathology.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy 39-year-old man presented with abdominal distension and AKI one week post-trauma.
  • Point-of-care paracentesis revealed 7.9 L of urine in the abdomen (urinary ascites).
  • CT urogram confirmed a bladder dome rupture.

Findings:

  • The patient had intraperitoneal bladder rupture, leading to urinary ascites.
  • Urinary ascites mimicked AKI through reverse autodialysis.
  • Exploratory laparotomy successfully repaired the bladder and peritoneum.

Implications:

  • Intraperitoneal bladder rupture is an uncommon but critical diagnosis after blunt abdominal trauma.
  • Early recognition of urinary ascites is crucial to prevent misdiagnosis and irreversible renal injury.
  • Prompt surgical intervention can lead to favorable outcomes, avoiding dialysis.