Sustainable Synthesis of 2,4,6-Trisubstituted Pyridines Using Surface-Modified PET@UiO-66 Vials

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Organic Chemistry
• Catalysis

Background:

• Multicomponent reactions are crucial for synthesizing complex organic molecules.
• Developing efficient and reusable catalysts is essential for sustainable chemical synthesis.
• Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer tunable properties for catalytic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To fabricate and characterize a novel PET@UiO-66 vial as a heterogeneous catalyst.
• To investigate the catalytic efficiency of PET@UiO-66 for the synthesis of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyridines.
• To optimize reaction conditions for maximizing pyridine yield and purity.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of PET@UiO-66 vial.
• Characterization using PXRD, FTIR, optical microscopy, and FESEM.
• Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm analysis for surface area and pore size determination.
• Optimization of reaction parameters including oxidant, solvent, and temperature for pyridine synthesis.

Main Results:

• The PET@UiO-66 vial exhibited a high specific surface area (564.359 m²/g) and a pore diameter of 3.05 nm.
• Optimized conditions (TBHP oxidant, THF solvent, 60 °C) yielded good to excellent amounts of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyridines.
• The catalyst demonstrated stability and reusability over multiple reaction cycles.

Conclusions:

• The PET@UiO-66 vial is an effective and robust catalyst for sustainable pyridine synthesis.
• The developed protocol offers operational simplicity and high yields.
• This work highlights the potential of surface-modified vials as recyclable catalytic platforms.