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Postural control in adults with Down syndrome.

Pasqualina Maria Picciotti1,2, Laura Macculi3, Roberta Anzivino4

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Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability
|August 11, 2025
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Postural deficits are common in adults with Down syndrome, affecting balance and potentially increasing fall risk. This study highlights the need for clinical assessment of postural control in this population.

Keywords:
Down syndromeageingbalancedynamic posturography

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Adults with Down syndrome (DS) experience age-related comorbidities.
  • Falls are prevalent in adults with DS, yet postural control remains understudied.
  • This research addresses the gap in understanding balance in adults with DS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess postural control in adults with Down syndrome.
  • To evaluate the contribution of sensory systems (somatosensory, visual, vestibular) to postural stability.
  • To investigate the relationship between age and postural control deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited adults with Down syndrome (age >18) from an outpatient clinic.
  • Utilized the Equitest system for Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP).
  • Assessed postural control using the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), measuring Composite Equilibrium (COMP), somatosensory (SOM), visual (VIS), and vestibular (VEST) scores.

Main Results:

  • 43.3% of participants exhibited pathological COMP scores, indicating impaired postural control.
  • Visual (VIS) and vestibular (VEST) systems showed significant impairments (31.7% and 55%, respectively).
  • Somatosensory (SOM) scores were normal; VIS and VEST impairments correlated with age.

Conclusions:

  • Postural control deficits are frequent in adults with Down syndrome.
  • These deficits are often unrecognized, increasing fall risk.
  • Age-related decline in visual and vestibular function contributes to postural instability.