Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Exosomes in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Septic Lung Injury
08:27

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Exosomes in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Septic Lung Injury

Published on: May 21, 2018

11.0K

Association between extracellular vesicles, microRNA and chronic lung disease: Narrative review

Hayato Go1, Yohei Kume1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|August 12, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) show promise in understanding and managing chronic lung disease (CLD) in premature infants. Further research into EVs and miRNAs could lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for CLD.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Chronic lung disease (CLD) is a significant comorbidity in premature infants, posing risks for mortality and long-term cardiopulmonary issues.
  • Despite advancements, challenges persist in the detection and treatment of CLD.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are implicated in various pathological processes, including lung disease, by transporting molecules like microRNAs (miRNAs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing clinical and animal studies on the connection between EVs, miRNAs, and CLD.
  • To explore the potential roles of EVs and miRNAs in the pathogenesis of CLD.
  • To identify potential applications of EVs and miRNAs as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CLD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical and animal studies.
  • Analysis of the role of EVs in physiological and pathological processes.
  • Examination of specific miRNAs (e.g., miRNA-21, miRNA-34a) in lung development and disease.

Main Results:

  • EVs play crucial roles in intercellular communication, inflammation, immune regulation, and genetic information transfer.
  • Aberrant levels of specific miRNAs are linked to abnormal lung development and CLD pathogenesis.
  • EVs can carry miRNAs, suggesting a mechanism for their involvement in CLD.

Conclusions:

  • EVs and miRNAs are critically involved in the pathogenesis of CLD.
  • miRNAs carried by EVs may serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for CLD.
  • Targeting EVs and miRNAs presents a potential therapeutic avenue for managing CLD.

Keywords:
biomarkerschronic lung diseaseextracellular vesiclesmicroRNAsneonatal prematurity

More Related Videos

Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Murine Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Using an Ultrafiltration Centrifugation Technique09:18

Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Murine Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Using an Ultrafiltration Centrifugation Technique

Published on: November 9, 2018

9.7K
Author Spotlight: Exploring the Mechanisms of MicroRNA Loading into Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Progression07:29

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Mechanisms of MicroRNA Loading into Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Progression

Published on: October 6, 2023

1.6K

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
3.1K
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
521
Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
2.8K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
2.9K
Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies01:38

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
3.7K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
21.7K