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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

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The DNA damage response pathway is required for multiciliated cell differentiation.

Cayla E Jewett1,2, Andrew J Holland1, Chad G Pearson2

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

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|August 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA damage is essential for multiciliated cell (MCC) differentiation, enabling hundreds of centrioles to form. This process rewires the cell cycle to support ciliogenesis without full cell division.

Keywords:
ATMDNA damageDNA-PKH2AXR-loopcell cyclecentriole amplificationcilia

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • DNA damage typically triggers repair pathways to maintain genome integrity.
  • Multiciliated cells (MCCs) require massive centriole amplification for cilia formation during differentiation.
  • Centriole duplication is normally restricted to S and G2 phases of the cell cycle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of DNA damage in the terminal differentiation of MCCs.
  • To understand how MCCs achieve extensive centriole duplication.
  • To explore the relationship between DNA damage, cell cycle regulation, and ciliogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of DNA double-strand breaks in differentiating MCCs.
  • Assessment of DNA damage response (DDR) kinase activity.
  • Investigation of RNA-DNA hybrid (R-loop) formation during transcription.
  • Correlation of damage levels with centriole number.

Main Results:

  • Differentiating MCCs accumulate significant double-stranded DNA breaks during centriole amplification.
  • DNA damage levels correlate positively with the number of centrioles produced.
  • DDR kinases are crucial for centriole biogenesis and ciliogenesis.
  • Transcription-associated R-loops co-localize with DNA damage sites.

Conclusions:

  • DNA damage plays a novel, pro-developmental role in MCC differentiation.
  • Transcription-coupled DNA damage may drive a pseudo-cell cycle program for centriole amplification.
  • MCCs adapt canonical cell cycle pathways by harnessing DDR signaling for differentiation.