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    This study presents a method for a tunable vortex phase plate, enabling a tunable topological charge. The innovation accounts for element separation, allowing future polarization control.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Metamaterials and Nanophotonics

    Background:

    • The Alvarez-Lohmann (AL) concept describes a tunable element as two combined elements with transmittance matching a plane parallel plate.
    • Vortex phase plates (VPPs) with tunable topological charge can be realized using the AL concept by shearing elements.
    • Standard AL designs assume zero separation between elements, which is impractical due to finite element thickness and shearing space.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a method for designing the phase transmittance of the second element in an AL combination to accommodate finite separation.
    • To enable the realization of VPPs with tunable topological charge despite inevitable element separation.
    • To create additional space within the AL combination for potential future integration of a third element for polarization control.

    Main Methods:

    • The study proposes a modified phase distribution for the second element of the AL combination.
    • This method corrects the phase transmittance to compensate for the non-zero separation distance.
    • The design accounts for the physical constraints of element thickness and the space required for shearing.

    Main Results:

    • A design method is provided for a two-element tunable optical element that functions correctly with finite separation.
    • The proposed phase correction allows for a practical realization of AL-based VPPs.
    • The design inherently creates space for a potential third element, enhancing future device versatility.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented method offers a practical approach to realizing tunable vortex phase plates using the Alvarez-Lohmann concept.
    • Accommodating finite element separation is crucial for the performance of such tunable optical elements.
    • The design paves the way for advanced optical elements with integrated polarization manipulation capabilities.