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Optimal cross-polarization spatial-depth matrix for millimeter-wave concealed threat detection by using polarization,
Applied Optics
|August 12, 2025
Summary
This study introduces a new millimeter-wave (MMW) security screening method using cross-polarization. It effectively detects concealed threats by analyzing echo power differences, offering a simpler, more flexible alternative to imaging.
Area of Science:
- Applied Physics
- Electromagnetics
- Security Technology
Background:
- Active millimeter-wave (MMW) technology is used in personnel security screening.
- Current MMW systems do not fully utilize polarization information for threat detection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a direct detection method for concealed threats using only cross-polarization power information.
- To enhance MMW security screening flexibility and system simplicity.
Main Methods:
- A direct detection method analyzing cross-polarization echo power without phase information.
- Derivation of a spatial-depth matrix using inverse Fourier transform and spatial scanning.
- Optimization of cross-polarization angle for enhanced contrast.
- Establishment of quantitative discrimination criteria: standard deviation of spatial spectrum gradient (SDSSG) and depth spectrum peaks (SDDSP).
Main Results:
- The spatial-depth matrix effectively characterizes target spatial and depth distributions.
- Optimized cross-polarization angle improves contrast between threats and the human body.
- SDSSG and SDDSP showed significant changes (>50% and >157%, respectively) for concealed threats compared to normal individuals.
Conclusions:
- The proposed method enables effective concealed threat detection through thresholding SDSSG and SDDSP.
- This approach offers potential for higher flexibility and simpler system architecture than imaging techniques.
