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Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Multimodal Volumetric Retinal Imaging by Oblique Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy oSLO and Optical Coherence Tomography OCT

Multimodal Volumetric Retinal Imaging by Oblique Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy oSLO and Optical Coherence Tomography OCT

Published on: August 4, 2018

Direct panoramic optical imaging for closed surfaces.

Chao Yang, Fei Sun, Ran Sun

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision

|August 12, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel direct panoramic optical imaging lens (DPOIL) using a silver-glass composite. This lens enables accurate, direct panoramic imaging of closed surfaces without reconstruction, enhancing optical detection capabilities.

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Automated 3D Optical Coherence Tomography to Elucidate Biofilm Morphogenesis Over Large Spatial Scales

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Published on: August 21, 2019

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Current panoramic imaging methods for closed surfaces rely on motion or multiple cameras, necessitating complex image reconstruction and post-processing.
These conventional techniques often suffer from limited accuracy due to the computational demands of image reconstruction.
A need exists for direct, high-accuracy panoramic imaging solutions, particularly for curved surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and design a novel lens for direct panoramic optical imaging of closed surfaces.
To overcome the limitations of existing methods by eliminating the need for image reconstruction and post-processing.
To demonstrate the feasibility of achieving accurate, wide-spectral-band panoramic imaging using a specifically engineered optical structure.

Main Methods:

Designed a novel direct panoramic optical imaging lens (DPOIL) utilizing a silver-glass composite layered structure.
Engineered the structure to create an equivalent null medium with subwavelength spacing in the optical band.
Leveraged the directional projection property of optical waves inherent to the null medium for direct imaging.

Main Results:

The proposed DPOIL directly projects a full-perspective optical pattern from closed curved surfaces onto a flat image plane.
Achieved direct panoramic imaging across a wide spectral band (544–734 nm) for TM-polarized waves.
Simulated 2D and 3D results confirmed the lens's capability for accurate, reconstruction-free panoramic imaging.

Conclusions:

The direct panoramic optical imaging lens (DPOIL) offers a significant advancement in panoramic imaging technology.
Eliminates the need for image reconstruction and post-processing, leading to enhanced imaging accuracy.
Presents potential applications in biological surface imaging, panoramic detection, and other fields requiring direct panoramic imaging of closed surfaces.