3D imaging method based on binary encoded fringes with complementary symmetric error diffusion paths

Digital micromirror device projectors, with their high-speed switching capabilities, have enabled the widespread application of binary fringe projection in dynamic 3D imaging. The Floyd-Steinberg (FS) dithering technique, widely regarded for its high measurement accuracy, is one of the mainstream methods for this purpose. However, binary fringe patterns generated using FS error diffusion exhibit intensity deviations compared to standard sinusoidal fringe patterns, introducing phase extraction errors in subsequent calculations. We observed that these phase errors are closely related to the selection of the error diffusion path. To address this issue, we propose a 3D imaging method based on binary coded fringes generated using complementary symmetric diffusion paths for accurate 3D surface measurement. Our approach utilizes two sets of binary fringe patterns: one generated with the traditional FS error diffusion kernel and path and the other with the symmetric FS kernel and path. By applying three-frequency temporal phase unwrapping to each set of binary fringes, we obtain two absolute phase maps. These maps are then fused using the IRM-SR algorithm to yield an optimized absolute phase for 3D reconstruction. Experimental results on plane and object reconstructions demonstrate that this method significantly enhances 3D reconstruction accuracy.