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Visualizing Visual Adaptation
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Two contrast phenomena inconsistent with illumination assumptions.

Arthur Shapiro, Yuki Kobayashi, Joseph DeNavas

    Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision
    |August 12, 2025
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Two new visual phenomena challenge the idea that people infer illuminance in images. These findings suggest color perception relies on a network approach selecting spatial scales based on tasks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Visual perception
    • Computational neuroscience

    Background:

    • The assumption that observers infer illuminance in 2D images is widely held.
    • Understanding how visual information is processed is crucial for fields like computer vision and artificial intelligence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the assumption that observers infer illuminance in two-dimensional images.
    • To explore new visual phenomena that challenge existing models of visual perception.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of two novel visual phenomena.
    • Observation of how object color affects surrounding field appearance (figure-ground).
    • Comparison of perception between fully and partially modulating checkerboards.

    Main Results:

    • One phenomenon demonstrated that object color influences the perceived appearance of the surrounding field.
    • Another phenomenon showed that two modulating checkerboards appeared similar despite differences in modulation.
    • Perceptual changes on a test patch were induced only by the half-modulating board.

    Conclusions:

    • The observed phenomena cannot be explained by the inference of illuminance.
    • Findings support a network approach to color mediation.
    • Color perception appears to involve task-dependent selection of spatial scale.