Constructing Schwartz values framework using the Rokeach values survey: Human value measurement in the longitudinal...

Area of Science:

• Psychology
• Sociology

Background:

• The Schwartz theory is a widely used framework for understanding human values.
• The Rokeach Value Survey (RVS) is a common instrument for measuring values.
• Validating RVS items within the Schwartz framework allows for more consistent value research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess and validate indexes of human values based on the Schwartz theory using RVS data.
• To enable researchers to connect values to attitudes, traits, and behaviors using a tested values theory.
• To create reliable and valid measures for 8 of the 10 Schwartz values.

Main Methods:

• Theoretical screening of value items.
• Multi-dimensional scaling to analyze item correlation structure.
• Regression analyses to examine relationships with demographics, political orientation, and personality traits.

Main Results:

• Developed reliable and valid indexes for 8 Schwartz values.
• Universalism, achievement, benevolence, and conformity indexes include 3+ items; self-direction, stimulation, hedonism, and security include 1-2 items.
• Validated RVS-based indexes against other Schwartz indexes (WVS, ESS) and found expected demographic and personality relationships.

Conclusions:

• Tailoring the RVS to the Schwartz structure provides a robust framework for value assessment.
• This approach facilitates longitudinal and cross-sectional studies of human values.
• Enables improved cross-study and temporal comparisons of values, attitudes, and behaviors.