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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

A Silicon-tipped Fiber-optic Sensing Platform with High Resolution and Fast Response
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High sensitivity all-fiber Michelson interferometer respiratory sensor based on PVA-coated down-taper.

Zhongwei Cao, Haojie Zhang, Jinchuan Zhao

    Optics Express
    |August 13, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel wearable breathing sensor using a specialized fiber optic structure offers high sensitivity and comfort for accurate respiratory rate monitoring. This device demonstrates excellent repeatability and fast response times, making it ideal for healthcare applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Fiber Optic Sensors
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Wearable Technology

    Background:

    • Accurate and non-invasive respiratory monitoring is crucial for diagnosing and managing various medical conditions.
    • Existing wearable sensors often face challenges with sensitivity, comfort, and long-term durability.
    • Advancements in fiber optic sensing offer potential for developing next-generation physiological monitoring devices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and characterize a novel wearable breathing sensor based on a single-mode fiber (SMF)-down-taper-Panda polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) structure.
    • To evaluate the sensor's performance in terms of sensitivity, repeatability, and correlation with commercial devices.
    • To assess the sensor's suitability for real-time healthcare monitoring applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a fiber optic sensor incorporating an SMF-down-taper-PMF structure with a PVA-coated taper and a fiber sphere.
    • Characterization of the sensor's sensitivity to curvature, temperature, and humidity.
    • In-vivo testing on human volunteers to measure respiratory rates and assess performance metrics.
    • Comparison of sensor data with readings from commercial respiratory monitoring devices.

    Main Results:

    • The sensor achieved high sensitivity with specific values for curvature (34.8508 dB/m-1), temperature (0.0034 dB/°C), and humidity (0.5742 nm/%RH).
    • Reliable detection of respiratory rates (0.21-0.41 Hz) was demonstrated with <8% repeatability error.
    • A high Pearson correlation coefficient (>0.9) was observed when compared to commercial sensors.
    • The sensor exhibited a fast response time with 1.06 s rise and 1.19 s recovery times.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed wearable breathing sensor demonstrates high sensitivity, excellent repeatability, and fast response, making it a promising tool for healthcare monitoring.
    • The unique fiber optic structure and PVA coating enhance coupling efficiency and sensor durability.
    • The sensor's comfort and reliable performance in detecting respiratory rates support its potential for widespread clinical adoption.