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    Area of Science:

    • Nonlinear Optics
    • Fiber Optics
    • Quantum Optics

    Background:

    • Four-wave mixing (FWM) is a key nonlinear optical process for generating new frequencies.
    • Efficient frequency conversion is crucial for applications in telecommunications and spectroscopy.
    • Few-mode fibers offer unique spatial mode properties for controlling nonlinear interactions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate efficient Bragg-scattering four-wave mixing (BS-FWM) frequency conversion in a few-mode fiber.
    • To achieve wideband frequency conversion by utilizing different spatial modes.
    • To experimentally characterize the conversion efficiency and bandwidth of the BS-FWM process.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a few-mode fiber to support multiple spatial modes (LP01 and LP11).
    • Employing two pump beams spectrally separated from the signal and idler by 600 nm.
    • Exciting pump beams in the LP11 mode and signal in the LP01 mode, with the Bragg scattering (BS) idler generated in the LP01 mode.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved efficient wideband frequency conversion with a spectral separation of 600 nm.
    • Demonstrated that frequency components can propagate in different spatial modes for efficient conversion.
    • Measured a peak conversion efficiency of up to 79% for the BS-FWM process.
    • Characterized the dependency of conversion efficiency on peak pump power and Bragg scattering component separation.

    Conclusions:

    • Bragg-scattering four-wave mixing in few-mode fibers enables efficient wideband frequency conversion.
    • Spatial mode multiplexing is a viable strategy for enhancing nonlinear optical processes.
    • The demonstrated technique shows potential for advanced optical signal processing and frequency generation.