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High-resolution Fiber-optic Microendoscopy for in situ Cellular Imaging
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High-fidelity image reconstruction in multimode fiber imaging through the MITM-Unet framework.

Zefeng Feng, Zengqi Yue, Wei Zhou

    Optics Express
    |August 13, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new imaging method uses multiple speckle patterns to improve grayscale image reconstruction from single multimode fibers. This Multi-speckle Illumination type Inverse Transmission Matrix-Unet (MITM-Unet) significantly enhances image quality for compact imaging probes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Biomedical Imaging
    • Machine Learning

    Background:

    • Single multimode fibers offer advantages for ultra-thin imaging probes but suffer from noise due to uneven speckle illumination.
    • High-precision reconstruction of complex grayscale images is challenging with traditional methods.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an optimized image reconstruction framework for single multimode fiber imaging.
    • To address noise issues from uneven speckle illumination and improve grayscale image reconstruction.

    Main Methods:

    • Combined inverse transmission matrix approach with deep neural networks (Unet).
    • Integrated multiple illumination conditions and increased target exposure to mitigate noise.
    • Developed the Multi-speckle Illumination type Inverse Transmission Matrix-Unet (MITM-Unet) method.

    Main Results:

    • MITM-Unet significantly outperformed Single-speckle illumination type (SITM-Unet).
    • MITM-Unet achieved a structural similarity index of 0.59 and Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.91.
    • SITM-Unet achieved a structural similarity index of 0.38 and Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.77.

    Conclusions:

    • The MITM-Unet method effectively reconstructs high-quality grayscale images from single multimode fiber systems.
    • This approach provides valuable insights for advancing compact wide-field endomicroscopic imaging.
    • The study demonstrates the potential for improved imaging capabilities using multimode fibers.