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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Photonics
    • Quantum Technologies

    Background:

    • Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are leading technologies for single-photon detection in the near-infrared (NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectral regions.
    • Optimizing SNSPD design parameters for specific applications is challenging due to trade-offs between performance characteristics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a practical, self-contained, free-space coupled 64-pixel SNSPD array system for the SWIR spectral region.
    • To achieve high performance across all operational parameters, including detection efficiency, dark count rate, timing jitter, and count rates.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of an 8 × 8 SNSPD array with 27.5 × 27.8 µm pixels on a 30 µm pitch, achieving an 85% fill factor.
    • Characterization of the system's performance at a wavelength of 1550 nm, including photon detection efficiency, system detection efficiency (SDE), dark count rate, jitter, and crosstalk.

    Main Results:

    • Uniform average per-pixel photon detection efficiency of > 77.7% and an overall SDE of 65% at 1550 nm.
    • Achieved a low dark count rate of 15 cps per pixel and mean full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) jitter of 112 ps per pixel.
    • Demonstrated a 3-dB maximum count rate of 645 Mcps with no evidence of crosstalk at the 0.1% level.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed 64-pixel SNSPD array system offers high performance for SWIR applications.
    • This camera system is suitable for picosecond time-resolved measurements in biomedical imaging, quantum communications, and long-range LiDAR and 3D imaging.