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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over short distances...

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Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels
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Droplet concentration in water spray using short-range elastic backscatter lidar.

Chloé Ledent, Claire Laurent, Baptiste Déjean

    Optics Express
    |August 13, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel lidar method remotely measures water spray droplet concentration. This technique calibrates the lidar constant for accurate aerosol property retrieval, comparable to laser diffraction for larger droplets.

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    Area of Science:

    • Fluid dynamics
    • Optical physics
    • Aerosol science

    Background:

    • Accurate measurement of droplet concentration in sprays is crucial for various industrial applications.
    • Remote sensing techniques offer non-intrusive alternatives to traditional measurement methods.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a novel experimental method for remotely measuring droplet concentration in water sprays.
    • To develop a specific calibration technique for lidar radiometric constant determination.
    • To formulate a new lidar constant using spray transmittance and particle size distribution.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a short-range elastic backscatter lidar system.
    • Developed a calibration technique to determine the lidar radiometric constant.
    • Proposed a new lidar constant formulation incorporating total spray transmittance and laser diffraction-measured particle size distribution.
    • Compared lidar-derived concentrations with laser diffraction measurements.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully converted lidar signals into attenuated backscatter signals and aerosol properties.
    • Estimated average volume concentrations ranging from 10^8 to 10^9 droplets per cubic meter.
    • Achieved comparable results to laser diffraction, particularly for sprays with larger droplets (Sauter mean diameter > 50 µm).

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed lidar method provides a viable approach for remote measurement of water spray droplet concentration.
    • The novel calibration and lidar constant formulation enhance the accuracy of aerosol property retrieval.
    • This technique shows promise for applications requiring non-intrusive spray characterization.