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Fabrication of VB2/Air Cells for Electrochemical Testing

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High Performance Aluminum Ion Batteries Enabled by the Coordination Between Vanadium-Based PBAs Cathode and Aqueous

Wanchang Feng¹, Boman Li¹, Guoqiang Yuan¹

¹School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, P. R. China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|August 13, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed advanced vanadium-based Prussian blue analogues (V-PBAs) for aqueous aluminum-ion batteries (AAlBs). These high-performance cathodes overcome stability and rate limitations, paving the way for safer, low-cost energy storage.

Keywords:

Prussian blue analogues aqueous aluminum‐ion batteries eutectic electrolyte vanadium

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Aqueous aluminum-ion batteries (AAlBs) face challenges like low performance and poor stability due to unsuitable cathode materials.
Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) exhibit limitations in electrochemical activity, structural integrity, and voltage range for AAlBs.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop high-performance vanadium-based Prussian blue analogues (V-PBAs) for AAlBs.
To address the limitations of existing PBAs by enhancing electrochemical activity, structural stability, and voltage window.

Main Methods:

A universal synthesis strategy combining an acid-assisted method with ligand modulation was employed to create V-PBAs.
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to analyze electronic properties and ion migration barriers.
In-situ characterizations were performed to understand structural and charge storage mechanisms.

Main Results:

The optimized Fe-doped VFePBA cathode demonstrated a narrow bandgap and low Al3+ migration energy barrier, facilitating rapid ion transport.
The Zn||AU15||VFePBA system achieved a high specific capacity (161.37 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1) within an expanded voltage window (0.1-2.0 V).
Suppressed structural distortion and a capacitive-dominated charge storage mechanism were confirmed, alongside stable performance in flexible pouch cells.

Conclusions:

The developed V-PBAs offer a promising solution for high-performance AAlBs, overcoming critical bottlenecks in existing materials.
This work presents a novel strategy for designing advanced, safe, and cost-effective post-lithium energy storage systems.
The findings contribute to the advancement of sustainable energy storage technologies through tailored material synthesis and characterization.