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Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles01:18

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There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen.
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Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation
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Delayed Post-Traumatic Temporal Bone Encephalocele With Lateral Ventricle Herniation.

Colyn White1, Young Lee1, Maryam Rahman2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|August 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A rare case of temporal bone encephalocele with lateral ventricle herniation after trauma required surgical repair. Long-term monitoring is crucial for skull base defects to detect delayed complications like subdural hematoma.

Keywords:
CSF leakencephalocelelateral ventricletraumatic temporal bone fracture

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Otolaryngology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Post-traumatic temporal bone defects can lead to rare complications.
  • Encephaloceles involving the lateral ventricle present unique surgical challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a unique clinical case of temporal bone encephalocele with lateral ventricle herniation.
  • To highlight the importance of long-term follow-up after surgical repair of large skull base defects.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 60-year-old male with a history of temporal bone fracture.
  • Diagnosis confirmed by CT and MRI, revealing tegmen defect and ventricular herniation.
  • Surgical intervention using a combined transmastoid and middle fossa approach.

Main Results:

  • Successful removal of encephalocele and repair of the tegmen defect.
  • Development of asymptomatic subacute subdural hematoma (SDH) 3 months post-surgery.
  • SDH successfully managed with bur hole drainage.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical repair of large skull base defects is complex.
  • Delayed complications such as SDH can occur even after successful encephalocele repair.
  • Vigilant long-term follow-up is essential for patients with skull base defects.