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Surgical Anatomy of Cleft Palate: A 3-Dimensional Computer Model
Dale J Podolsky1,2, Anais Lupu2,3, Karen Wy Wong Riff1
1From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|August 13, 2025
Summary
This study created a detailed 3D model of cleft palate anatomy, improving surgical understanding for cleft palate repair. The realistic model enhances visualization of complex anatomical structures.
Area of Science:
- Anatomical modeling
- Surgical simulation
- 3D visualization
Background:
- Cleft palate anatomy presents significant challenges for surgical appreciation.
- Accurate anatomical understanding is crucial for effective cleft palate repair.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop comprehensive 3D models of cleft palate anatomy.
- To provide a surgical perspective for cleft palate repair.
Main Methods:
- Utilized cadaver dissections, Visible Human Project data, literature review, and surgical expertise.
- Segmented CT scans using 3D Slicer for bony anatomy.
- Employed ZBrush and Blender for soft tissue and model refinement.
Main Results:
- Generated a 3D model of a Veau 2 cleft palate with detailed hard palate and skull base.
- Modeled key muscles including superior constrictor, buccinator, palatopharyngeus, palatoglossus, and tensor veli palatini.
- Incorporated layers such as seroglandular/adipose tissue, periosteum, vasculature, and mucosa.
Conclusions:
- A realistic and accurate 3D computer model of cleft palate anatomy was successfully developed.
- The model offers a clear representation of anatomy vital for surgeons performing cleft palate repair.
