Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

5.3K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.3K
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

40.2K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
40.2K
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

18.4K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
18.4K
Confidence Coefficient01:24

Confidence Coefficient

7.9K
The confidence coefficient is also known as the confidence level or degree of confidence. It is the percent expression for the probability, 1-α, that the confidence interval contains the true population parameter assuming that the confidence interval is obtained after sufficient unbiased sampling; for example, if the CL = 90%, then in 90 out of 100 samples the interval estimate will enclose the true population parameter. Here α is the area under the curve, distributed equally under...
7.9K
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern01:29

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern

162
Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include:
162
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

295
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
295

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An Update to the Certificate of Added Qualification in Sports Medicine (CAQSM) Certification Blueprint.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026
Same author

Early Career Family Physicians Continue to Provide Maternity Care and Deliver Babies.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026
Same author

Developing Content Weights for the 2026 Sports Medicine Blueprint.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026
Same author

Reclassifying Primary Care: A Decision Tree Approach to Improving Workforce Estimates and Research Using Claims Data.

Journal of general internal medicine·2026
Same author

A Microsimulation-Based Approach for Mitigating Societal Bias in Chronic Kidney Disease Data.

Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making·2026
Same author

Behavioral Health in Independently Owned Family Medicine Practices.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

8.0K

Spaced Repetition Enhances Self-Rated Learning Confidence: A Large Randomized Trial Among Practicing Family

Ting Wang1,2,3,4,5, Zachary J Morgan1,2,3,4,5, Andrew Bazemore1,2,3,4,5

  • 1Dr. Wang: Director of Psychometrics and Innovation, American Board of Family Medicine, Lexington, KY.

The Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions
|August 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spaced repetition learning strategies significantly improve physician confidence and metacognitive accuracy. Two repetitions showed the greatest gains, suggesting their use in continuing medical education to enhance self-assessment and reduce errors.

Keywords:
confidencelearningmetacognition

More Related Videos

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide
09:52

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide

Published on: January 15, 2017

17.3K
E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
06:28

E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy

Published on: August 1, 2019

8.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

8.0K
Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide
09:52

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide

Published on: January 15, 2017

17.3K
E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
06:28

E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy

Published on: August 1, 2019

8.4K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Cognitive Science
  • Clinical Decision Making

Background:

  • Metacognitive accuracy, crucial for clinical decisions, is the alignment of perceived knowledge with actual performance.
  • Overconfidence can cause diagnostic errors, while underconfidence may lead to delayed decisions and increased healthcare costs.
  • The impact of spaced repetition on metacognition in physicians is largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different spaced repetition strategies affect metacognitive accuracy in family physicians.
  • To assess changes in physician confidence levels in relation to repeated knowledge assessments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the American Board of Family Medicine's Continuous Knowledge Self-Assessment (16,751 physicians).
  • Participants randomized to control or intervention groups with varied spaced repetition intervals for questions.
  • Confidence rated on a 6-point scale; statistical analyses included t tests and multivariate regression.

Main Results:

  • Confidence significantly increased for repeated questions, with larger gains observed after two repetitions.
  • Clone questions also improved confidence, but to a lesser extent than repeated questions.
  • Male and younger physicians generally reported higher confidence, even after adjusting for demographics.

Conclusions:

  • Spaced repetition effectively enhances both learning and metacognitive accuracy in physicians.
  • Two spaced repetitions demonstrated the most substantial improvements in confidence and self-assessment.
  • Integrating metacognitive strategies into continuing medical education can improve clinician self-assessment and potentially decrease diagnostic errors.