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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

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Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
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Using Nanoplasmon-Enhanced Scattering and Low-Magnification Microscope Imaging to Quantify Tumor-Derived Exosomes
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Plasmonic Nanostructures for Exosome Biosensing: Enabling High-Sensitivity Diagnostics.

Seungah Lee1, Nayra A M Moussa2, Seong Ho Kang1,2

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Natural Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasmonic biosensing offers sensitive detection of exosomes, crucial for non-invasive diagnostics. Advancements in nanoplasmonic platforms and AI pave the way for precision medicine by overcoming exosome detection challenges.

Keywords:
exosomehigh-sensitivity diagnosticslocalized surface plasmon resonancenanoplasmonic biosensorspropagating surface plasmon resonancesurface-enhanced Raman scattering

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Exosomes (extracellular vesicles) are vital biomarkers for non-invasive diagnostics and monitoring.
  • Clinical use of exosomes is limited by low abundance, heterogeneity, and sample complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in nanoplasmonic biosensing for exosome detection and profiling.
  • To highlight innovations in nanostructure engineering, microfluidic integration, and signal enhancement for exosome analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes plasmonic biosensing technologies: propagating surface plasmon resonance (PSPR), localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS).
  • Employs nanostructure engineering, microfluidic integration, and signal enhancement strategies.
  • Incorporates artificial intelligence (AI) for spectral interpretation and diagnostic classification.

Main Results:

  • Nanoplasmonic platforms enable label-free, highly sensitive, and multiplexed detection of exosomes at the single-vesicle level.
  • Recent innovations have improved exosome detection and profiling capabilities.
  • AI integration enhances spectral interpretation and diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The synergy between exosome biology and plasmonic nanotechnology offers a promising route for real-time, precision diagnostics.
  • Next-generation biosensing strategies can achieve sub-femtomolar detection of exosomal miRNAs.
  • Addressing challenges in standardization, reproducibility, and clinical validation is crucial for translational success.