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A Novel Radiology-Adapted Logistic Model for Non-Invasive Risk Stratification of Pigmented Superficial Skin Lesions:

Betül Tiryaki Baştuğ1, Hatice Gencer Başol2, Buket Dursun Çoban3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey.

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|August 14, 2025
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Summary

This study shows that combining ultrasound imaging features improves non-invasive risk assessment for pigmented skin lesions. This new approach offers a promising tool for better preoperative stratification of malignancy risk.

Keywords:
Doppler ultrasoundhigh-frequency ultrasoundlogistic regressionmethodological pilot studynon-invasive diagnosisnovel logistic modelpigmented skin lesionsradiology-adapted risk stratificationvascularity patterns

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Pigmented skin lesions present diagnostic challenges due to overlapping features.
  • Histopathology is the gold standard, but non-invasive methods for malignancy risk stratification are needed.
  • Ultrasound offers potential for non-invasive assessment of skin lesion characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel logistic regression model for non-invasive risk stratification of pigmented superficial skin lesions.
  • To integrate structural (size, depth) and vascular (Doppler) ultrasonographic features.
  • To assess the feasibility and initial diagnostic performance of this combined ultrasound approach.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective pilot study involving 44 patients undergoing high-frequency grayscale and Doppler ultrasound.
  • Systematic recording of lesion size, depth, and vascularity patterns.
  • Construction and evaluation of three logistic regression models (structural, vascular, combined) using ROC analysis.

Main Results:

  • The combined model integrating structural and vascular features achieved the highest diagnostic performance with an AUC of approximately 0.85.
  • The model based on lesion size and depth showed an AUC of 0.79.
  • The vascularity-only model yielded an AUC of 0.76, with excellent intra-observer reliability for all models.

Conclusions:

  • A novel logistic framework combining ultrasound parameters shows promise for enhanced non-invasive malignancy risk assessment.
  • This approach offers a potential improvement over existing methods for preoperative stratification of pigmented skin lesions.
  • Larger multicenter studies are warranted to validate and refine this promising diagnostic tool.