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Drugs target macromolecules to modify ongoing cellular processes. Primary drug targets include receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes.
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Selected Pentacyclic Triterpenoids and Their Derivatives as Biologically Active Compounds.

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  • 1Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 16028 Prague, Czech Republic.

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|August 14, 2025
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Summary

This review highlights selected pentacyclic triterpenoids and their derivatives, focusing on their biological activities. It summarizes recent findings on these plant-derived compounds and their semisynthetic modifications.

Keywords:
antimicrobial activityantiviral activitybiological activitycytotoxicitynano-materialpentacyclic plant triterpenoidsignaling pathwaysstructural modifier

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Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Medicinal plants are a global source of traditional remedies and nutritional compounds.
  • Plant secondary metabolites, particularly pentacyclic triterpenoids, possess significant biological importance.
  • Research has often focused on common triterpenoids, leaving others less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on selected pentacyclic triterpenoids and their derivatives.
  • To summarize structures and biological activities of these compounds.
  • To compare the effects of parent compounds and their derivatives.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search conducted on Web of Science (2023-February 2025).
  • Keywords focused on secondary plant metabolites and semisynthetic derivatives.
  • Analysis of recently published studies on biological activity.

Main Results:

  • Summarized biological activities of arjunolic acid, asiatic acid, boswellic acids, corosolic acid, maslinic acid, morolic acid, moronic acid, and friedelane triterpenoids.
  • Detailed findings on the structures and bioactivities of various derivatives.
  • Highlighted cytotoxicity and other reported biological effects.

Conclusions:

  • Selected pentacyclic triterpenoids and their derivatives exhibit diverse biological activities.
  • Further research into these less-studied compounds and their modifications is warranted.
  • Understanding structure-activity relationships can guide the development of new therapeutic agents.