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The location of compression-induced subduction initiation controlled by structural versus thermal inheritance
Éva Oravecz1,2, Taras Gerya2, Attila Balázs2
1Department of Geology, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
Communications Earth & Environment
|August 14, 2025
Summary
Subduction initiation depends on how quickly plate motion reverses and inherited weaknesses in the lithosphere. Abrupt changes cause ridge inversion, while slower transitions utilize pre-existing fault zones for subduction initiation.
Area of Science:
- Geodynamics
- Tectonics
- Computational Modeling
Background:
- Subduction initiation is a critical but poorly understood phase of the Wilson cycle.
- Understanding its mechanisms is key to deciphering plate tectonics and Earth's evolution.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate factors controlling compression-induced subduction initiation.
- Analyze the influence of plate motion reversal duration and lithospheric inheritance.
Main Methods:
- Employed 3D coupled thermo-mechanical and surface processes models.
- Analyzed lithospheric strength and strain distribution.
Main Results:
- Abrupt plate motion reversals trigger ridge inversion-driven subduction, influenced by thermal and melt weakening.
- Gradual transitions (> few million years) localize strain along inherited continental lithospheric weak zones, enhanced by grain size reduction.
Conclusions:
- Structural and thermal inheritance significantly control subduction initiation location.
- Findings align with natural examples like the Algerian margin and eastern Japan Sea.
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