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Characteristics of meconium impaction/retention in newborn foals: From 2006 to 2024

S Rivera Maza1, R C Bishop1, S M Austin1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA.

Equine Veterinary Education
|August 14, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Meconium impaction in foals is successfully treated with medical management in most cases, with a high survival rate. However, comorbidities significantly impact the overall prognosis for affected foals.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Equine Health
  • Neonatal Care

Background:

  • Meconium impaction/retention is a common cause of colic in foals.
  • Previous treatments had limitations, and recent outcomes were not well-documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze case characteristics and treatment outcomes for foals experiencing meconium impaction/retention.
  • To identify factors influencing survival rates in affected foals.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzed medical records of foals ≤3 days old diagnosed with meconium impaction/retention.
  • Data collected included signalment, clinical signs, treatments administered, outcomes, and comorbidities.
  • Statistical analysis explored associations between comorbidities and survival.

Main Results:

  • Out of 43 foals, 93% survived, with most responding to medical treatment (enemas).
  • Surgical intervention was needed in 4 foals, with a 75% survival rate for this subgroup.
  • Common comorbidities included sepsis, pneumonia, and failure of passive transfer, which were more prevalent in non-survivors.

Conclusions:

  • Medical management of meconium impaction/retention in foals is highly effective.
  • The presence of comorbidities is a critical determinant of the foal's prognosis and survival.
Keywords:
NICUcolicenemahorseneonate

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