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Non-reciprocal frequency conversion in a non-Hermitian multimode nonlinear system.

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Harnessing non-Hermitian photonics and optical nonlinearity, this study reveals a new regime for nonlinear frequency conversion. This approach enables non-reciprocal energy flow in the frequency dimension, overcoming traditional efficiency limits.

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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear optics
  • Quantum optics
  • Non-Hermitian photonics

Background:

  • Nonlinear optics is crucial for classical and quantum applications but limited by weak nonlinearity and reciprocity.
  • Non-reciprocal light transport is enabled by non-Hermitian photonics and gain/loss engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the interplay between non-Hermiticity and optical nonlinearity for novel frequency conversion.
  • To investigate non-reciprocal energy flow in the frequency dimension.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical exploration of non-Hermitian coupling between discrete frequency modes.
  • Application of theory to a multimode nonlinear cavity with cascaded nonlinear processes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE)-like chiral energy flow in the frequency dimension.
  • Achieved long-range frequency shifts, robust frequency combs, and enhanced terahertz (THz) generation.
  • Observed nonlinear multimodal limit cycles for multi-frequency spectroscopy.

Conclusions:

  • Non-Hermitian nonlinearity offers a new paradigm for efficient and tailorable nonlinear optical processes.
  • This approach enables unprecedented control over light-matter interactions in multimode systems.
  • Potential for advanced applications in spectroscopy, frequency conversion, and quantum technologies.