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Published on: September 21, 2017
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Using simulation to develop protocols for bicycle crash-avoidance testing
Luke E Riexinger1, David G Kidd1, Jessica S Jermakian1
1Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Ruckersville, Virginia.
Traffic Injury Prevention
|August 15, 2025
Summary
Automatic emergency braking (AEB) systems for bicyclists are crucial for safety. Simulation shows that sensor field of view is key for low-speed, similar-speed scenarios, while sensor range is vital for higher relative speeds.
Area of Science:
- Road safety engineering
- Automotive technology
- Human factors in transportation
Background:
- Bicyclist fatalities in the U.S. have increased significantly over the past decade.
- Automakers are implementing bicycle-detecting automatic emergency braking (AEB) systems.
- Current U.S. market evaluation protocols for these systems are lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To understand AEB system characteristics for potential testing protocols using simulation.
- To identify key parameters influencing AEB performance in cyclist-vehicle interactions.
Main Methods:
- Simulated vehicle-bicycle interactions in a four-way intersection using openPASS.
- Varied subject vehicle speeds (20-80 km/h) and bicycle speeds (5-20 km/h).
- Tested various sensor fields of view (30-180 degrees) and ranges (10-60 m).
Main Results:
- In straight crossing paths at similar speeds, sensor field of view was a key differentiator.
- In both straight crossing and parallel paths, sensor range was critical for collision avoidance at higher relative speeds.
Conclusions:
- A straight crossing path protocol with similar, low speeds could favor wider AEB fields of view.
- Test speed significantly impacts the required sensor range for AEB systems.
- Simulation is a viable tool for developing effective crash avoidance testing protocols.
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