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The glare blinding attack strategy in quantum secret sharing system.

Wen-Da Zhang, Zong-Hao Nie, Jia-Wei Ying

|August 15, 2025

Summary

A new glare blinding attack on quantum secret sharing (QSS) systems compromises key security. This attack significantly reduces the effective transmission distance of QSS, highlighting detector vulnerabilities.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Cryptography
Quantum Information Science

Background:

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) is a multipartite cryptographic primitive.
Practical QSS systems are vulnerable to security threats from imperfect experimental devices.
Glare blinding attacks pose a significant threat to single-photon detectors used in QSS.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a simple and effective glare blinding attack strategy for three-partite QSS systems.
To analyze the security implications of combining glare blinding attacks with fake-state attacks.
To evaluate the performance of QSS under these attack conditions through numerical simulation.

Main Methods:

Development of a glare blinding attack strategy tailored for three-partite QSS.
Integration of the glare blinding attack with a fake-state attack.
Numerical simulations to assess QSS performance under attack.

Main Results:

The combined glare blinding and fake-state attack allows eavesdroppers to steal keys undetected.
Numerical simulations show a significant reduction in QSS maximal photon transmission distance to approximately 10 km.
The security of QSS is critically impacted by detector vulnerabilities.

Conclusions:

Detector imperfections, specifically vulnerabilities to glare blinding attacks, pose a serious threat to practical QSS security.
The proposed attack demonstrates that QSS systems can leak transmitted keys.
Glare blinding attacks should be incorporated into standard security evaluations for QSS systems.