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Updated: Sep 9, 2026

High-Speed Magnetic Tweezers for Nanomechanical Measurements on Force-Sensitive Elements
Published on: May 12, 2023
Stringent Constraints on Spin-Spin-Velocity-Dependent Exotic Interactions with a Levitated Magnet Force Sensor
Kenan Tian1, Siwen Chen1, Lei Wang1
1National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Abstract:
Exotic spin-spin-velocity-dependent interactions, predicted in extensions of the standard model involving new bosonic fields, could resolve fundamental puzzles from dark matter to cosmic asymmetry. However, exploring these weak potential interactions at centimeter scales presents formidable challenges, primarily due to the overwhelming dominance of electromagnetic backgrounds that can easily obscure the weak exotic signals. Here, we utilize a levitated magnet force sensor with ultrahigh electron spin density to probe these interactions. We constrain two interactions individually through a designed spin source and a multilayer magnetic shielding system that suppresses electromagnetic backgrounds. In this Letter, we constrain two types of interactions: the V_{6} potential at force ranges from 10^{-3} to 6×10^{-2} m and the V_{14} potential at ranges greater than 10^{-3} m. Our measurements establish 95% confidence-level bounds of |f_{6}|≤2.12×10^{-13} and |f_{14}|≤2.34×10^{-23} at λ=1.6×10^{-2} m, improving prior limits by up to 12 and 13 orders of magnitude, respectively. Our result demonstrates the levitated magnet as a highly sensitive probe for detecting new bosonic fields in extensions of the standard model.
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