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Related Concept Videos

Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

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Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
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Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides01:26

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Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
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Oxidized polysaccharides: A review on structural insights using MS-based approaches.

Carolina O Pandeirada1, Samy Boulos1, Laura Nyström1

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Oxidized polysaccharides have modified structures. Mass spectrometry (MS) precisely locates functional groups, aiding in understanding oxidation mechanisms and characterizing these complex carbohydrates.

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Area of Science:

  • Carbohydrate Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Polysaccharides possess numerous hydroxyl groups, making them prone to oxidation.
  • Oxidation alters polysaccharide structure and techno-functionalities.
  • Complete structural characterization requires precise localization of functional groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches for characterizing oxidized polysaccharides.
  • To highlight the importance of precise functional group localization.
  • To discuss emerging MS techniques for polysaccharide analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on MS applications in oxidized polysaccharide analysis.
  • Focus on techniques enabling precise functional group identification and localization.
  • Discussion of advanced MS methodologies.

Main Results:

  • Mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for elucidating oxidized polysaccharide structures.
  • MS allows for the precise location of newly introduced functional groups.
  • Understanding oxidation mechanisms is facilitated by MS-based structural analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Precise structural characterization of oxidized polysaccharides is crucial.
  • Mass spectrometry offers advanced capabilities for this characterization.
  • Emerging MS techniques promise further insights into oxidized polysaccharide structures.