Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 11, 2025
05:16
Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
Published on: June 10, 2025
214
Heart failure-attributed mortality in Europe, 2012-2021
Marco Zuin1,2,3, Pier Luigi Temporelli4, Marco Metra5
1Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
European Journal of Heart Failure
|August 17, 2025
Summary
Heart failure mortality in Europe rose from 2012-2021, particularly in men and younger individuals. Significant regional differences in heart failure (HF) mortality trends highlight persistent disparities across Europe.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Gerontology
Background:
- Heart failure (HF) is a major global cause of cardiovascular mortality.
- Comprehensive, up-to-date data on HF mortality trends in Europe are scarce.
- Understanding these trends is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze heart failure-attributed mortality trends in Europe from 2012 to 2021.
- To investigate variations in these trends by age, sex, and geographic region.
- To explore potential contributing factors to HF mortality.
Main Methods:
- Utilized World Health Organization (WHO) mortality data (2012-2021).
- Analyzed age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) using joinpoint regression.
- Examined trends in risk factors like obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking.
Main Results:
- Overall HF-attributable mortality increased by 0.4% annually (AAPC: +0.4%).
- Mortality increased more significantly in men than women and in individuals under 70.
- Mortality rates rose in Western, Eastern, and Northern Europe, but plateaued in Southern Europe.
Conclusions:
- Heart failure-attributed mortality in Europe showed an upward trend between 2012 and 2021.
- Significant disparities in HF mortality trends exist across different European regions and countries.
- Rising obesity and diabetes prevalence may contribute to observed trends.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Heart Failure I: Introduction
55
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
55
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
1.8K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.8K
01:29Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
41
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
41
01:30Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation
32
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
32
01:26Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations
45
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
45
01:30Heart Failure V: Medical Management
23
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
23