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Related Concept Videos

pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
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Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps...
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
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A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
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RECQ5 mediates pre-rRNA processing in nucleolus.

Yidi Ma1,2,3,4, Xiaochun Yu2,3,4

  • 1College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.

Nucleic Acids Research
|August 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The RECQ5 helicase is vital for genomic stability by processing pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) in the nucleolus. Loss of RECQ5 function causes R-loop formation and sensitizes cancer cells to ATR inhibitors.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • RECQ5, a member of the RECQ helicase family, is known to maintain genomic stability.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms by which RECQ5 contributes to genomic stability are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of RECQ5 in nucleolar function and genomic stability.
  • To investigate the impact of RECQ5 dysfunction on pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) processing and R-loop formation.

Main Methods:

  • Immunofluorescence to determine RECQ5 localization within the nucleolus.
  • In vitro helicase assays to assess RECQ5's RNA unwinding capabilities.
  • Analysis of pre-rRNA processing intermediates in RECQ5-deficient cells.

Main Results:

  • RECQ5 localizes to the nucleolus and interacts with pre-rRNA processing factors.
  • RECQ5 unwinds double-stranded RNA in vitro and regulates pre-rRNA maturation.
  • Loss of RECQ5 function leads to aberrant pre-rRNA accumulation, R-loop formation, and ATR activation.
  • Cancer-associated RECQ5 mutations impair nucleolar localization and helicase activity.

Conclusions:

  • RECQ5 is essential for pre-rRNA processing and maintaining ribosomal DNA (rDNA) stability within the nucleolus.
  • RECQ5 deficiency compromises genomic stability, potentially through R-loop mediated pathways.
  • Targeting RECQ5 or ATR may offer therapeutic strategies for cancers with RECQ5 mutations.