Assessment of Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers in Neovascular Glaucoma

To evaluate systemic inflammatory marker levels in patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG).

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 35 NVG patients followed between 2017 and 2024. Data on age, gender, underlying diseases and durations, NVG diagnosis and duration, and comorbidities were collected. Laboratory parameters were assessed in two periods: before NVG diagnosis (Group 1) and after NVG diagnosis (Group 2) and compared with a healthy control group (Group 3, n = 35). Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), and Triglyceride/Glucose Index (TyG) were calculated.

The mean age was 61.4 ± 10.7 years in NVG patients and 57.3 ± 6.7 years in controls (p = 0.23). NVG was bilateral in 7 (20%) and unilateral in 28 (80%) patients. Underlying causes included diabetic retinopathy (60%), central retinal vein occlusion (25.7%), ocular ischemic syndrome (11.4%), and central retinal artery occlusion (2.9%). NLR and SII values were significantly higher in Groups 1 and 2 compared to controls (p < 0.05). Although Group 2 had higher NLR and SII than Group 1, the difference was not significant (p1 = 0.212, p2 = 0.239). TyG was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3 (p1 = 0.025, p2 = 0.013).

NVG patients showed significantly elevated NLR, SII, and TyG values compared to healthy controls. These findings suggest a potential role of systemic inflammation in NVG pathogenesis.