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Updated: Sep 8, 2025

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
Published on: December 29, 2015
Improved transformation system of Bacillus subtilis competent cells using polymerase chain reaction DNA fragments as
Kazuhisa Sawada1,2, Keiji Endo1, Masatoshi Tohata1
1Global R&D - Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Akabane 2606, Ichikai, Haga, Tochigi 3213497, Japan.
Abstract:
To enhance the transformation efficiency of Bacillus subtilis Marburg 168 using PCR DNA fragments, we optimized the competent cell preparation by adding Mn2+ to the competence medium. This Mn2+ addition promoted both cell growth and increased transformation frequency. Moreover, we determined the necessary length of the homologous sequence on each end to achieve practically sufficient transformation through double crossover recombination.

