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Teaching Dental Students Paediatric Behaviour Guidance With Virtual Reality: A Three-Year Study.

Shijia Hu¹, Bien Wen Pui Lai²

¹Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.

European Journal of Dental Education : Official Journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe

|August 19, 2025

Summary

Low-cost virtual reality (VR) simulation effectively taught dental students pediatric behavior guidance, improving empathy and confidence in managing young patients. The VR intervention enhanced both objective and subjective outcomes for pediatric dental care.

Keywords:

behaviour guidance dental education paediatric dentistry students virtual reality

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Area of Science:

Dental Education
Virtual Reality Simulation
Pediatric Dentistry

Background:

Traditional methods for teaching pediatric behavior guidance to dental students have limitations.
Virtual reality (VR) offers a potential low-cost, immersive solution for training.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of low-cost virtual reality (VR) simulation in teaching behavior guidance for pediatric dental patients.
To assess the impact of VR on dental students' empathy, confidence, and perceived ability in managing pediatric dental patients.

Main Methods:

A cohort study involving third-year dental students from 2021-2023.
Utilized a validated VR scenario for intervention, with assessments at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-month post-clinical phases.
Collected data on demographics, VR intervention impact, empathy scores, and self-perceived abilities.

Main Results:

181 students participated; 96% found VR improved empathy with children.
Significant increases in objective empathy scores post-intervention (p=0.002) and sustained self-perceived confidence in communication (p<0.001), interaction (p=0.014), and procedures (p<0.001).
VR intervention led to improved comfort and confidence in managing pediatric dental patients, with lasting effects.

Conclusions:

Virtual reality simulation is an effective adjunct for teaching pediatric dental behavior guidance.
The VR intervention was well-received by dental students, enhancing both objective and subjective outcomes.
VR simulation shows promise for improving dental students' preparedness in pediatric dental care.