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Cerebrospinal fluid absorption in the rabbit: olfactory pathways.

D G Gomez, J D Fenstermacher, R P Manzo

    Acta Oto-Laryngologica
    |November 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injected into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) traced pathways in rabbits. Findings reveal CSF absorption into nasal lymphatics, glands, epithelium, and venules, explaining CSF rhinorrhea.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Anatomy

    Background:

    • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics and absorption pathways are not fully understood.
    • Investigating alternative routes for CSF clearance is crucial for neurological research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the pathways of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) absorption into the nasal cavity and associated structures.
    • To investigate the role of the olfactory nerve and nasal mucosa in CSF clearance.

    Main Methods:

    • Intrathecal perfusion of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in rabbits without increasing CSF pressure.
    • Histologic and ultrastructural examination of olfactory nerves and nasal mucosa to trace HRP distribution.

    Main Results:

    • HRP was observed along the peri- and epineurium of olfactory nerves, extending to smaller nerve branches.

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  • HRP extravasated from the epineurium into nasal lymphatics, mucous glands/ducts, intercellular spaces of the nasal epithelium, and venules.
  • Evidence suggests "bulk" flow absorption of CSF into the lymphatic system and nasal cavity, with minor venous drainage.

    • Conclusions:

    • The olfactory nerve and nasal mucosa serve as significant pathways for CSF absorption and drainage.
    • These pathways can explain CSF rhinorrhea and the lymphatic drainage of CSF into cervical lymph nodes.
    • Findings support a "bulk" flow mechanism for CSF absorption into the nasal lymphatics and cavity.