Regulation of the cell wall integrity pathway at the contact site between mating partners in yeast

The fungal cell wall is constantly remodeled to allow cell growth, but any holes in the cell wall would lead to catastrophic lysis. The "Cell Wall Integrity" pathway (CWI) detects cell wall defects and promotes cell wall thickening or repair to protect cell integrity. However, cell walls must be removed at contact sites between fusing cells during mating or mycelium formation. Here we show that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the CWI is downregulated specifically at the contact site between mating cells. A key component of the CWI, Pkc1, accumulated at polarity sites (shmoo tips) in cells exposed to mating pheromone, but not at contact sites. Pkc1 exclusion required a cell wall protein, Fig2, induced by pheromone. In mutants lacking Fig2, cell wall removal was delayed, blocked, or even reversed after transient fusion, leading to reduced mating. These results suggest that Fig2 designates the contact site as a "safe" spot to degrade the cell wall.