Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscle Coordination and Action01:24

Muscle Coordination and Action

2.0K
Muscle coordination is a complex and finely tuned process essential for smooth and purposeful movements like flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation. The human body orchestrates the actions of various muscles working in concert, each with a specific role. Four functional types describe how muscles work together: agonist, antagonist, synergist, and fixator.
Agonists
Agonist muscles, often called prime movers, are the primary muscles responsible for producing a specific movement....
2.0K
Carbon Skeletons01:12

Carbon Skeletons

110.2K
Life on Earth is carbon-based, as all macromolecules that make up living organisms contain carbon atoms. All organic compounds have a carbon backbone. Each carbon atom is tetravalent and can bond with four other atoms, making it an extraordinarily flexible component of biological molecules. Because carbon’s valence electrons are stable, it rarely becomes an ion. As the carbon chain increases in length, structural modifications such as ring structures, double bonds, and branching side...
110.2K
Introduction to the Skeletal System01:20

Introduction to the Skeletal System

6.8K
The skeletal system is the central framework of the body, consisting of different connective tissues: bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
Components of the Skeletal System
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a hard connective tissue that forms an internal support structure for the human body. Bones shield vulnerable organs and soft tissue from external forces. For example, the vertebral bones protect and support the spinal cord.
Cartilage, a semi-rigid connective tissue found in regions such as...
6.8K
Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

49.0K
Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
49.0K
Anatomical Movements00:51

Anatomical Movements

11.5K
Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist,...
11.5K
Overview of Skeletal Muscle01:15

Overview of Skeletal Muscle

12.4K
Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
12.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Synergistic inhibitory effect of Smo inhibitor jervine and its combination with decitabine can target Hedgehog signaling pathway to inhibit myelodysplastic syndrome cell line.

Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2021
Same author

Cardiac, Macro-, and Micro-Circulatory Abnormalities in Association With Individual Metabolic Syndrome Component: The Northern Shanghai Study.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine·2021
Same author

PIWI-interacting RNAs: Mitochondria-based biogenesis and functions in cancer.

Genes & diseases·2021
Same author

Interferon-armed RBD dimer enhances the immunogenicity of RBD for sterilizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2.

Cell research·2021
Same author

Molecular evolution of bumble bee vitellogenin and vitellogenin-like genes.

Ecology and evolution·2021
Same author

Hypoxia-related lncRNAs to build prognostic classifier and reveal the immune characteristics of EGFR wild type and low expression of PD-L1 squamous and adenocarcinoma NSCLC.

Cancer medicine·2021
Same journal

Relation DETR+: Exploring Explicit Position Relation Prior for Dense Prediction.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

RBF++: Quantifying and Optimizing Reasoning Boundaries across Measurable and Unmeasurable Capabilities for Chain-of-Thought Reasoning.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

CAFE: Cross-View Adaptive Fusion and Cluster Center Enhancement for Robust Multi-View Clustering.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

DIVER: Reinforced Diffusion Breaks Imitation Bottlenecks in End-to-End Autonomous Driving.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

Ethics-Aware Safe Reinforcement Learning for Rare-Event Risk Control in Interactive Urban Driving.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

Learning Shape Anchors for Holistic Indoor Scene Understanding.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping
09:41

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping

Published on: April 21, 2023

1.7K

Foundation Model for Skeleton-Based Human Action Understanding.

Hongsong Wang, Wanjiang Weng, Junbo Wang

    IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
    |August 20, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a Unified Skeleton-based Dense Representation Learning (USDRL) framework, a foundational model for human action understanding. USDRL significantly improves scalability and generalization across diverse tasks, outperforming existing methods.

    More Related Videos

    Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
    09:32

    Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

    Published on: April 11, 2018

    9.8K
    Construction of a Realistic, Whole-Body, Three-Dimensional Equine Skeletal Model using Computed Tomography Data
    11:09

    Construction of a Realistic, Whole-Body, Three-Dimensional Equine Skeletal Model using Computed Tomography Data

    Published on: February 25, 2021

    3.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

    Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping
    09:41

    Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping

    Published on: April 21, 2023

    1.7K
    Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
    09:32

    Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

    Published on: April 11, 2018

    9.8K
    Construction of a Realistic, Whole-Body, Three-Dimensional Equine Skeletal Model using Computed Tomography Data
    11:09

    Construction of a Realistic, Whole-Body, Three-Dimensional Equine Skeletal Model using Computed Tomography Data

    Published on: February 25, 2021

    3.3K

    Area of Science:

    • Computer Vision
    • Artificial Intelligence
    • Human-Computer Interaction

    Background:

    • Human action understanding is crucial for intelligent motion perception.
    • Skeleton data offers a versatile representation for human modeling in robotics and interaction.
    • Current methods lack scalability and generalization for diverse action understanding tasks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a foundational model for skeleton-based human action understanding.
    • To develop a framework that enhances scalability and generalization across various action recognition tasks.
    • To address the limitations of existing approaches in handling diverse and complex human actions.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a Unified Skeleton-based Dense Representation Learning (USDRL) framework.
    • Employed a Transformer-based Dense Spatio-Temporal Encoder (DSTE) with parallel streams for temporal and spatial features.
    • Utilized Multi-Grained Feature Decorrelation (MG-FD) and Multi-Perspective Consistency Training (MPCT) for enhanced feature extraction and learning.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved state-of-the-art performance on 25 benchmarks across 9 skeleton-based action understanding tasks.
    • Demonstrated significant improvements in coarse, dense, and transferred prediction tasks.
    • The USDRL framework shows superior scalability and generalization capabilities.

    Conclusions:

    • The USDRL framework establishes a new foundation for skeleton-based action understanding.
    • The proposed methods significantly advance the state-of-the-art in human action recognition.
    • This work encourages further research, particularly in dense prediction tasks for skeleton-based action understanding.