Impact of targeted neck and shoulder muscle training on muscular tension in ear surgeons

PURPOSE: Ear surgeons are frequently exposed to prolonged static loads on the neck and shoulders during surgical procedures using a microscope, which can lead to muscular tension and consequently to chronic discomfort and complaints. This study investigates whether targeted training of the neck and shoulder girdle muscles can reduce muscle tension in ear surgeons during and after surgeries. METHODS: For this purpose, four ear surgeons participated in the study, completing an application-based (app) and app-monitored training program for the neck and shoulder muscles over a period of eight weeks. Muscle tension in the trapezius muscle (M. trapezius) and the neck muscles was measured using electromyography during a cochlea implant surgery. Muscle tension was compared before and after the start of the training program. Additionally, the surgeons completed a questionnaire regarding physical activity, stress levels, and other relevant factors. RESULTS: Results from 100 surgeries show a significant reduction by 20% in trapezius muscle tension due to the training program while performing surgery (p = 0.05). Moderate activity on the previous day could reduce muscle tension in the trapezius during surgery by 31% (p = 0.01), high activity on the previous day by 20% (p = 0.40). All surgeons stated that they had subjectively benefited from the training and that they would voluntarily continue performing the exercises beyond this study. CONCLUSION: Targeted training and physical activity on the previous day can reduce muscle tension during surgeries. This highlights the relevance of training programs and moderate activity in reducing strain in daily surgical routines.