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Kawasaki disease--case reports and review of literature
Insights
Kawasaki disease, a condition primarily affecting young children, presents with fever and other key features. Cardiovascular complications like coronary aneurysms are significant concerns, though its cause remains unknown.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Cardiology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Kawasaki disease is a clinical diagnosis of exclusion, predominantly affecting children under five.
- Its etiology and pathogenesis are currently unknown.
- Diagnosis requires fever plus at least three of four other characteristic clinical features.
Observation:
- This report details three cases of Kawasaki disease.
- One case demonstrated coronary aneurysms identified via 2D Echocardiogram.
Findings:
- Acute cardiovascular complications, primarily coronary artery aneurysms and thrombosis, affect 30-60% of patients.
- The overall mortality rate associated with Kawasaki disease is 1-2%.
Implications:
- Early detection and management of Kawasaki disease are crucial due to potential cardiac sequelae.
- Further research into the etiology and pathogenesis is needed to improve treatment strategies.
- Aspirin remains the current standard treatment for Kawasaki disease.
Abstract:
Three cases of Kawasaki disease are described. One had coronary aneurysms detected by 2D Echogram. The pathogenesis and aetiology of Kawasaki disease are still unknown. Kawasaki disease is a clinical diagnosis made by exclusion and occurs mainly in infants and young children below the age of 5 years. Fever and at least 3 of the other 4 frequent features are essential for diagnosis. Acute cardiovascular complications vary from 30-60%, being mainly coronary artery aneurysms and thrombosis. Mortality rate is 1-2%. Aspirin is presently used.