Multimodal Super-Cooling Textiles for All-Scenario Passive Hygrothermal Comfort

Radiative cooling textiles hold great promise for achieving personal thermal comfort amidst the rising global temperatures while enhancing productivity and saving energy. However, despite extensive research, most state-of-the-art radiative cooling textiles possess solely radiative functions, failing to achieve highly efficient cooling across all scenarios, particularly as high temperatures and high humidity diminish non-radiative cooling power. This work presents a multimodal super-cooling textile that integrates radiative, conductive, and evaporative mechanisms through a 3D cladding strategy to enhance the cooling effect in various scenarios without compromising radiative performance. This method enables the surfaces of all 1D single fibers to be closely 3D clad with 2D boron nitride nanosheets, thereby achieving ultra-high solar reflectivity (97.30%), omnidirectional heat dissipation (in-plane and out-of-plane thermal conductivity of 2.40 and 0.33 W m^-1 K^-1, respectively), and unidirectional moisture-wicking properties (transport index of 1547%) through high backscattering efficiency, a 3D thermal conductivity network structure, and a Janus wetting structure. Enabled by the multi-cooling mechanisms, MST drops temperature by 20 °C versus cotton in outdoor sunlight. Even in hot, humid circumstances, it still provides a 2 °C cooling advantage over cotton. This work thereby provides a promising strategy for personal thermal and moisture management textiles across various complex environments.