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Emotional invalidation and perceived emotional invalidation in explaining psychological disorders: A scoping review

Mahdi Talebi¹, Mahdi Abdolladi Falahi¹, Ali Ebrahimi²

¹Department of Clinical Psychology, TaMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.

Acta Psychologica

|August 21, 2025

Abstract

Objective:

Emotional invalidation and perceived emotional invalidation are psychological processes implicated in the onset and exacerbation of mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and borderline personality disorder. This scoping review aims to synthesize research conducted within the Iranian population to explore the cultural context and characteristics of EI/PEI and their role in psychological disorders.

Methods:

A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and Magiran and SID databases for studies published between 2018 and 2024 using the keywords "emotional invalidation," "perceived emotional invalidation," and "psychological disorders." After removing duplicates and irrelevant records, 10 eligible studies were selected from an initial pool of 17. Study quality and reporting were assessed using the PRISMA-ScR checklist.

Results:

Sample sizes ranged from 140 to 2263 participants (mean = 701), with a mean publication year of 2022. Nine studies used the PIES questionnaire, and one employed the PEII to measure EI/PEI. All studies were cross-sectional and correlational in design. Methodologies included path analysis, structural equation modeling, exploratory factor analysis, ROC curve analysis, and causal-comparative approaches. Populations studied included university students, clinical samples, and general adults. Most studies focused on depression and anxiety, with others examining personality disorders and body image disturbance. Across studies, EI/PEI was significantly positively associated with psychological symptom severity, highlighting culturally specific manifestations of emotional invalidation in the Iranian context.

Conclusion:

EI and PEI are significant contributors to the development and worsening of psychological disorders within Iran's unique cultural setting. Future research should employ longitudinal, multicenter, and culturally sensitive methodologies and instruments to deepen understanding and support cross-cultural comparisons.

Keywords:

Cross-cultural Emotional invalidation Perceived emotional invalidation Psychological disorders Scoping review

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