Advanced smart bioelectronics for wound healing: biosensing, drug delivery, and artificial intelligence

Chronic wounds represent a significant healthcare challenge characterized by complex pathophysiology and poor clinical outcomes. The latest progress in smart bioelectronic systems which include biosensing capabilities alongside controlled drug delivery and artificial intelligence demonstrates their potential to transform chronic wound care management. This review examines how artificial intelligence systems enable ongoing real-time tracking of wound microenvironment elements including pH levels and temperature along with inflammatory biomarkers. Integration of AI algorithms into these bioelectronic systems enables analysis of sensor data to predict healing trajectories and trigger on-demand, personalized drug release from smart bandages. Although there are existing challenges associated with biocompatibility, scalability, and data privacy, the focus of this review is to highlight the potential impact of these technologies. AI-enabled bioelectronic systems have the potential to improve treatment outcomes, reduce healthcare costs, and ultimately enhance the quality of life for patients with chronic wounds.