Next-generation electroactive biomaterials-integrated bioelectronics for advanced healthcare management

The evolution of smart biomaterials is revolutionizing healthcare through synergistic integration of real-time diagnostic monitoring and regenerative therapies. Current bioelectronic systems demonstrate remarkable capabilities in disease detection and physiological tracking. Nevertheless, the clinical translation of these biomaterials remains impeded by inadequate tissue-inductive capacity and mechanical incompatibility with host tissues. Emerging fourth-generation electroactive biomaterials (EBs) address these limitations through dynamic bio-interactivity and energy-autonomous functionality. This review primarily focuses on the classification and advanced fabrication strategies of existing EBs and the use of EB-integrated bioelectronics (EBBs) for wearable and implantable therapeutic devices in different biomedical scenarios. We propose a developmental EB-based roadmap emphasizing convergent innovation across materials science, synthetic biology, and clinical informatics to achieve truly adaptive bioelectronics.