External root resorptions: cone-beam computed tomography assessment and histopathological characterization

Area of Science:

• Dental pathology
• Oral surgery
• Histopathology

Background:

• External root resorption (ERR) is a pathological condition with uncertain causes and varied presentations.
• ERR can negatively impact the long-term prognosis of teeth.
• Understanding ERR's structural changes is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To correlate radiological (CBCT) and histological findings in teeth with external root resorption (ERR).
• To investigate structural changes in dental hard and soft tissues affected by ERR at different locations (apical, middle, cervical).

Main Methods:

• Three teeth diagnosed with ERR/external cervical resorption (ECR) were analyzed using CBCT.
• Lesions were measured and classified using Patel's criteria.
• Post-extraction samples underwent histological processing (H&E, van Gieson, Masson's trichrome).

Main Results:

• Osteoclasts were observed resorbing mineralized tissues, forming lacunae along the root surface.
• Adjacent granulation tissue showed capillaries and inflammatory cells.
• Extensive destruction of dentin, cementum, and enamel was noted, alongside fibrous repair, osteoid formation, and dystrophic calcifications.

Conclusions:

• Combined radiological-histological evaluation enhances diagnostic accuracy for external root resorption.
• This integrated approach can guide therapeutic strategies for affected teeth.